The father was Vázquez de Coronado y Sosa de Ulloa, while the mother was Isabel de Luján. The first scouting expedition was led by Pedro de Tovar. Instead, it was just a village of simple pueblos constructed by the Zuni Native Americans. [13] This war resulted in the destruction of the Tiguex pueblos and the deaths of hundreds of Native Americans.[14]. Despite what is shown in the accompanying map, on-the-ground research by Nugent Brasher beginning in 2005 revealed evidence that Vázquez de Coronado traveled north between Chichilticalli and Zuni primarily on the future New Mexico side of the state line, not the Arizona side as has been thought by historians since the 1940s. The reason is that ... the mountain chain changes its direction at the same time that the coast does. They were probably the ancestors of the Pawnee. "[10] There Vázquez de Coronado met a crushing disappointment: Cíbola was nothing like the great golden city that de Niza had described. Disappointed, he returned to New Mexico. This sounds as if Vázquez de Coronado may have reached the Smoky Hill River near Salina or Abilene. The Spaniards and their Indian allies followed the Arkansas northeast for three days and found Quivirans hunting buffalo. In search of gold, Francisco Coronado led the first major European expedition north from Mexico . Discovered the Grand Canyon. "[22], In 1993, Jimmy Owens found crossbow points in Blanco Canyon in Crosby County, Texas, near the town of Floydada in Floyd County. He and his army descended off the tabletop of the Llano Estacado into the caprock canyon country. [20], Scholars differ in their opinions as to which historical Indian group were the Teyas. Both men and women Quivirans were nearly naked. Authorities agree that the Querechos (Becquerel's) were Apache Indians.[18]. [29] He was buried under the altar of the Church of Santo Domingo in Mexico City.[30]. The Querechos were not awed or impressed by the Spanish, their weapons, and their "big dogs" (horses). Francisco Vázquez de Coronado has been listed as a level-5 vital article in People, Explorers. A plurality believe they were Caddoan speakers and related to the Wichita. With the Turk guiding him, Vázquez de Coronado and his army might have crossed the flat and featureless steppe called the Llano Estacado in the Texas Panhandle and Eastern New Mexico, passing through the present-day communities of Hereford and Canadian. (2009) "Evaluating Eyewitness Accounts of Native Peoples Along the Coronado Trail From the International Border to Cibola". Coronado, California is not named after Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, but is named after Coronado Islands, which were named in 1602 by Sebastián Vizcaíno who called them Los Cuatro Coronados (the four crowned ones) to honor four martyrs. It consisted of some 300 Spaniards, hundreds of Indians and native slaves, horses, and herds of sheep, pigs, and cattle, in addition to two ships under the command of Hernando de Alarcón, who sailed up the Gulf of California to discover the mouth of the Colorado River on August 26, 1540. Francisco Vázquez de Coronado, (born c. 1510, Salamanca, Spain—died September 22, 1554, Mexico), Spanish explorer of the North American Southwest whose expeditions resulted in the discovery of many physical landmarks, including the Grand Canyon, but who failed to find the treasure-laden cities he sought. During the battle, Vázquez de Coronado was injured. Beatriz was the second daughter of Alonso de Estrada and Marina de la Caballería; niece of Diego de Caballeria. They were horsemen and foot soldiers who were able to travel quickly, while the main bulk of the expedition would set out later. In addition, when Indy captures the cross from robbers aboard a ship off the coast of Portugal, the ship can be seen to be named The Coronado. During a long convalescence, he and his expeditionaries decided to return to New Spain (Mexico). This find strengthens the evidence that Vázquez de Coronado found the Teyas in Blanco Canyon.[23]. Francisco Vázquez de Coronado y Luján. However, thirty-nine years later when the Spanish again visited the Southwestern United States, they found little evidence that Vázquez de Coronado had any lasting cultural influences on the Indians except for their surprise at seeing several light-skinned and light-haired Puebloans. Coronado Road in Phoenix, Arizona, was named after Vázquez de Coronado. His expedition marked the first European sightings of the Grand Canyon and the Colorado River Although his family name was Vásquez, the English do not follow the same naming system. When de Niza returned, he told of a city of vast wealth, a golden city called Cíbola, whose Zuni residents were assumed to have murdered Estevan. Francisco Vásquez de Coronado (né à Salamanque en 1510 - décédé à Mexico le 22 septembre 1554) est un conquistador espagnol qui a voyagé à travers le Nouveau-Mexique et le sud-ouest des actuels États-Unis de 1540 à 1542. Francisco Vázquez de Coronado was a Spanish conquistador, and is best remembered for leading a large expedition that was to be one of the largest European explorations of the North American interior. Because European knowledge of world geography was sorely incomplete at the time, the expedition—led by the viceroy's protégé Francisco Vázquez de Coronado—did not reach beyond what is now the American Southwest and central Kansas. Archaeological evidence suggests that Quivira was in central Kansas with the westernmost village near the small town of Lyons on Cow Creek, extending twenty miles east to the Little Arkansas River, and north another twenty miles to the town of Lindsborg on a tributary of the Smoky Hill River. The Estrada-Coronado union was a carefully calculated political union that Francisco and Marina orchestrated. At intervals along the trail, Vázquez de Coronado established camps and stationed garrisons of soldiers to keep the supply route open. There is a large hill just northwest of Lindsborg, Kansas, that is called Coronado Heights. Vázquez de Coronado reached Quivira itself after a few more days of traveling. The Turk was probably either a Wichita or a Pawnee and his intention seems to have been to lead Vázquez de Coronado astray and hope that he got lost in the wilderness. Francisco Vásquez de Coronado (* 1510 in Salamanca; 22. While Vázquez de Coronado was in the canyon country, his army suffered one of the violent climatic events so common on the plains. Vázquez de Coronado was the Governor of the Kingdom of Nueva Galicia (New Galicia), a province of New Spain located northwest of Mexico and comprising the contemporary Mexican states of Jalisco, Sinaloa and Nayarit. Flint, Richard and Flint, Shirley Cushing, eds. Vázquez de Coronado set out from Compostela on February 23, 1540, at the head of a much larger expedition composed of about 400 European men-at-arms (mostly Spaniards), 1,300 to 2,000 Mexican Indian allies, four Franciscan friars (the most notable of whom were Juan de Padilla and the newly appointed provincial superior of the Franciscan order in the New World, Marcos de Niza), and several slaves, both natives and Africans. Francisco Vásquez de Coronado was born in Salamanca, the second son of Juan Vásquez de Coronado, a wealthy nobleman. The supplies were retrieved, and the note stated that Alarcón's men had rowed up the river as far as they could, searching in vain for the Vázquez de Coronado expedition. Vázquez de Coronado had hoped to reach the Cities of Cíbola, often referred to now as the mythical Seven Cities of Gold, which is a term not invented until American gold-rush days in the 1800s. If you can improve it, please do. Although he remained governor of Nueva Galicia until 1544, the expedition forced him into bankruptcy and resulted in charges of war crimes being brought against him and his field master, Cárdenas. The song Hitchin' to Quivira[32] from independent singer-songwriter Tyler Jakes's 2016 album Mojo Suicide is based on the story of Vázquez de Coronado's expedition. Vázquez de Coronado remained in Mexico City, where he died of an infectious disease on September 22, 1554. In this exploration, he hauled some supplies for Vázquez de Coronado, but eventually, he buried them with a note in a bottle. The Entrada of Francisco Vásquez de Coronado. He found Quivira "well settled ... along good river bottoms, although without much water, and good streams which flow into another". While at Hawikuh, Vázquez de Coronado sent another scouting expedition overland to find the Colorado River, led by Don Garcia López de Cárdenas. This article has been rated as Start-Class. The members of the expedition were almost starving and demanded entrance into the village of Hawikuh (of which the preferred Zuni word is Hawikku). In. Coronado High Schools in Lubbock, Texas; El Paso, Texas; Colorado Springs, Colorado; and Scottsdale, Arizona were named for Vázquez de Coronado.